The cause of
acne is multifactorial. The bacterium P. acnes are responsible for the
majority of cases of acne, which is also aggravated by excessive sebum
production by sebaceous glands. Levulan®
is absorbed in sebaceous glands, which also play a role in the cause of
acne. Recent studies have shown that treatments using topically applied
Levulan®
followed by light activation have resulted in dramatic improvement in
the severity of patients' acne.
There were no serious adverse events noted with the topical use of
Levulan®,
however patients do experience some mild redness and fine crusting after
treatment.
While the use of Levulan®
photodynamic therapy to treat acne is a new modality, it clearly shows
great promise in producing long term remission and clearance in this
troublesome disease.
Another promising area for Levulan®
use appears to be in the treatment of photo-aged skin. Patients with
sun-damaged skin have been treated with topically applied Levulan®
followed by light treatment. Patients noted the appearance of reduced
pore size and an improvement in pigment abnormalities and textural
quality.
How does Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) Work?
In photodynamic
therapy a photosensitizer (Levulan®)
is applied to the skin. This is absorbed preferentially by certain
structures in the skin, such as hair follicles, oil glands,
bacteria, or rapidly growing cells. Illumination with a
high-intensity light or lasers causes a reaction in the skin,
resulting in destruction of the targeted tissue.
What Types of Conditions can be Treated with PDT?
Photodynamic
therapy has been effective in the treatment of actinic keratoses
(pre-cancerous spots), sun damaged skin, acne, warts, and many other
diseases.
How Does PDT Treat Acne?
Photodynamic
therapy seems to treat acne by decreasing the bacteria on the skin
and by shrinking the oil-producing sebaceous glands.
Is PDT Uncomfortable?
During PDT the
skin is washed several times and the activated substance is applied.
Either of these may cause stinging. Following treatment there may be
some transient itching and a mild sunburn sensation.
Photosensitivity
After PDT, a
small amount of activated substance remains in the skin for 24 to 48
hours. Sunlight and even indoor light may affect this and cause
redness and itching. Use of sunscreen and a hat may diminish these
undesired effects.
Itching/Burning
Most people
experience mild burning or itching for about one hour after the
procedure, although this can last a day or two. Mild to moderate
redness may be experienced for 24 to 48 hours. Only gentle
emollients should be applied to the skin.
Swelling
Areas most likely
to swell are around the eyes. This will subside within several
hours. Application of ice or cold packs may help.
Peeling
Peeling of
treated skin may occur several days after the procedure and can be
alleviated by gentle washing and application of a slightly thicker
moisturizer.
Consult your doctor if any of these side effects seem severe or cause
significant discomfort.
|
